Differences in foot shape when wearing wedge-heeled shoes with elevated forefoot height and heel height

Fashion and Textiles

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

Table 2 Two-way ANOVA on the 14 foot dimensions under wedge-heeled shoes

Effect	Forefoot height (F)			Heel height (H)			F × H
Effect	F	df	p-value	F	df	p-value	F	df	p-value
Lengths
Foot length	43.39	2	0.00***	234.63	3	0.00***	4.52	6	0.00***
Ball of foot length	46.27	2	0.00***	222.64	3	0.00***	6.47	6	0.00***
Outside ball of foot length	15.66	2	0.00***	104.14	3	0.00***	0.86	6	0.53
Widths
Foot width diagonal	1.03	2	0.36	8.08	3	0.00***	0.22	6	0.97
Foot width horizontal	1.80	2	0.66	6.58	3	0.00***	0.13	6	0.99
Heel width	0.22	2	0.80	0.07	3	0.98	0.23	6	0.97
Girths
Ball girth	4.26	2	0.02*	19.46	3	0.00***	1.51	6	0.18
Instep girth	5.53	2	0.01**	14.30	3	0.00***	0.26	6	0.96
Short heel girth	0.09	2	0.92	1.17	3	0.32	0.04	6	1.00
Heights
Instep height	124.22	2	0.00***	514.94	3	0.00***	17.13	6	0.00***
Navicular height	9.61	2	0.00***	41.37	3	0.00***	1.52	6	0.17
Toe height	0.19	2	0.82	0.07	3	0.98	0.19	6	0.98
Angles
Toe 1 angle	0.08	2	0.93	1.40	3	0.24	0.06	6	0.99
Toe 5 angle	1.92	2	0.15	4.30	3	0.01**	0.46	6	0.84